Antibacterial Effect of Diclofenac Sodium on Enterococcus faecalis

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Pharmacology
• Endodontics

Background:

• Enterococcus faecalis is a resistant bacterium frequently found in endodontic infections.
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have demonstrated antimicrobial properties in preliminary research.
• Investigating alternative antibacterial agents is crucial for managing persistent endodontic pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of diclofenac against Enterococcus faecalis.
• To compare the activity of diclofenac and ibuprofen with calcium hydroxide and amoxicillin.
• To assess the potential of NSAIDs as agents against resistant endodontic bacteria.

Main Methods:

• Agar diffusion and tube dilution methods were employed to assess antibacterial activity.
• Materials including diclofenac, ibuprofen, calcium hydroxide, and amoxicillin were tested against E. faecalis.
• Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined, and statistical analysis (ANOVA) was performed.

Main Results:

• Amoxicillin exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, followed by NSAIDs (diclofenac and ibuprofen).
• Calcium hydroxide showed no significant antibacterial activity against E. faecalis.
• Diclofenac and ibuprofen demonstrated notable antibacterial effects at concentrations of 50 μg/ml and higher.

Conclusions:

• Diclofenac and ibuprofen possess significant in vitro antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis.
• NSAIDs show greater efficacy compared to calcium hydroxide in inhibiting E. faecalis growth.
• These findings suggest a potential role for NSAIDs in endodontic treatment strategies against resistant bacteria.