Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Thrombotic and thromboembolic events were not associated with tranexamic acid in three large randomized controlled trials.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026
Same author

CT-Based Assessment of Brain Edema May Predict Which Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury May Benefit from Tranexamic Acid.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Prehospital tranexamic acid bolus improves outcomes in traumatic brain injury: A Bayesian reanalysis of the prehospital TXA for TBI trial.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026
Same author

Association between coagulation biomarkers, intracranial hemorrhage types, and tranexamic acid treatments in early traumatic brain injury.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2025
Same author

Age matters: A Secondary Analysis of Endothelial Biomarkers in the Prehospital Tranexamic Acid for Traumatic Brain Injury Trial.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2025
Same author

Brain Imaging Features in Patients with Gunshot Wounds to the Head.

Journal of neurotrauma·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat
06:26

Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat

Published on: October 18, 2024

Vascular air embolism.

Stephanie Gordy1, Susan Rowell

  • 1Department of Trauma Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science
|June 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vascular air embolism is a rare, fatal complication, often from central line catheter insertion. This review covers its incidence, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.

Keywords:
Air embolismair embolusarterial air embolismcentral line complicationschest traumacomplications of central catheterizationvenous air embolism

More Related Videos

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat
06:26

Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat

Published on: October 18, 2024

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Medical Procedures
  • Patient Safety
  • Vascular Access

Background:

  • Vascular air embolism (VAE) is a critical iatrogenic complication.
  • Central line catheter insertion is a common cause of VAE.
  • VAE poses significant risks, including fatality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence of VAE.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiology of VAE.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for VAE.
  • To discuss prevention methods for VAE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of VAE.
  • Analysis of VAE incidence and risk factors.
  • Synthesis of current diagnostic criteria.
  • Review of established treatment protocols.
  • Examination of VAE prevention techniques.

Main Results:

  • VAE is rare but potentially fatal.
  • Central venous catheterization is a primary cause.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial.
  • Preventive measures significantly reduce VAE risk.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding VAE is vital for healthcare providers.
  • Adherence to preventive protocols is essential.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management improve patient outcomes.