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Updated: May 10, 2026

Mouse Models of Epididymitis Induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
08:30

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Published on: December 12, 2025

Managing epididymo-orchitis in general practice.

Nicholas A Faure Walker1, Ben Challacombe

  • 1Departmentof Urdogy, Guys Hospital, London.

The Practitioner
|June 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epididymo-orchitis (EO) involves testicular pain and swelling, often caused by STIs in younger men and UTIs in older men. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial, especially to rule out testicular torsion.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

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Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
03:10

Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst

Published on: March 31, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Epididymo-orchitis (EO) is a common condition presenting with testicular pain and swelling.
  • It often co-exists with epididymitis or orchitis, with isolated epididymitis being more frequent.
  • EO can be acute (less than 6 weeks), sub-acute, or chronic (over 3 months).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the causes, presentation, and differential diagnoses of epididymo-orchitis.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and management, particularly differentiating from testicular torsion.
  • To highlight key examination findings and associated conditions in men with EO.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and common etiologies of epididymo-orchitis.
  • Discussion of differential diagnoses, focusing on acute testicular torsion.
  • Emphasis on physical examination findings and relevant investigations.

Main Results:

  • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis are primary causes in men under 35.
  • E. coli is the leading cause of acute epididymitis in men over 35.
  • Classic EO presentation includes a swollen, tender testis with epididymal swelling.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of EO requires considering patient age and potential pathogens.
  • Immediate referral for suspected testicular torsion is critical due to the surgical time window.
  • Associated conditions like UTI, BPH, and prostatitis should be assessed in male patients with EO.