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Non-invasive Assessments of Subjective and Objective Recovery Characteristics Following an Exhaustive Jump Protocol

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Should athletes return to activity after cryotherapy?

Kimberly A Pritchard¹, Susan A Saliba

¹University of Virginia, Charlottesville.

Journal of Athletic Training

|June 4, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Local cooling (cryotherapy) may negatively impact athletic performance immediately after treatment. Athletes should consider progressive warm-ups or shorter cooling durations to mitigate adverse effects on strength, endurance, and agility.

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Area of Science:

Sports Medicine
Exercise Physiology
Rehabilitation Science

Background:

Local cooling (cryotherapy) is frequently used in sports for recovery and injury management.
The impact of cryotherapy on immediate functional performance in athletes remains a subject of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the effect of local tissue cooling on immediate functional performance outcomes in a sport context.
To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials and crossover studies on cryotherapy's impact on athletic capabilities.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted across MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE up to April 2011.
Included studies were randomized controlled trials and crossover studies in English, measuring functional performance before and after local cooling interventions.
Studies using whole-body cryotherapy or cold-water immersion above the waist, and those measuring evoked muscle contraction, were excluded.

Main Results:

Thirty-five studies involving 665 participants were included, assessing outcomes like muscle strength, power, vertical jump, endurance, agility, speed, and dexterity.
Cryotherapy generally reduced immediate muscle strength and whole-body exercise performance (vertical jump, sprint, agility), and dexterity.
Evidence regarding muscle endurance was conflicting, with some studies showing increases and others decreases post-cryotherapy.

Conclusions:

Available evidence suggests that immediate return to play after cryotherapy may adversely affect athletic performance.
Variability in cooling protocols (time, temperature, mode) complicates definitive conclusions.
Short-duration cooling or progressive warm-ups are recommended to prevent performance decrements when athletes return to activity quickly.