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Emerging gliptins for type 2 diabetes.
1Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, The Diabetes Research Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs
|June 4, 2013
Summary
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, or gliptins, are safe oral diabetes drugs. While similar in efficacy, individual gliptins vary in properties, with new once-weekly options emerging.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- Endocrinology
- Diabetes Management
Background:
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (gliptins) are oral hypoglycemic agents used for 7 years.
- These drugs are recognized for their safety, weight neutrality, and widespread prescription.
- Eight gliptins are currently available globally, with more in development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the role of gliptins in type 2 diabetes treatment algorithms.
- To explore unique characteristics and potential cardiovascular benefits of individual gliptins.
- To review global market trends and future prospects for gliptins.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical and preclinical studies on gliptins.
- Analysis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
- Examination of gliptins in Phases II and III development.
Main Results:
- Gliptins serve as optional second-line therapy post-metformin, with low hypoglycemia risk.
- Individual gliptins exhibit similar clinical efficacy but differ in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles.
- Newer gliptin formulations, including once-weekly options, are in advanced development.
Conclusions:
- Gliptins are well-tolerated, optional second-line diabetes treatments.
- Clinical differentiation lies in non-glycemic effects and safety profiles.
- Ongoing research explores gliptins for specific diabetes subpopulations and improved adherence.
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