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Adherence to recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake, ethnicity and ischemic heart disease mortality

S Sangita1, S A Vik, M Pakseresht

  • 1Epidemiology Program, Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, 1236 Lauhala Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|June 4, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Adhering to vegetable intake guidelines lowers the risk of fatal ischemic heart disease (IHD) for both men and women. This protective effect of vegetables did not differ significantly across ethnic groups, suggesting generalizable dietary recommendations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death in the U.S., with notable variations in mortality rates across different ethnic populations.
  • The relationship between adherence to fruit and vegetable consumption guidelines and IHD mortality has not been extensively studied across diverse ethnic groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the association between adherence to dietary guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake and ischemic heart disease mortality differs among various ethnic groups.
  • To evaluate the impact of fruit and vegetable consumption on fatal IHD risk within a multiethnic cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study design was employed, analyzing data from 164,617 participants in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.
  • Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by ethnicity and sex, were utilized to assess the association between adherence to fruit and vegetable intake recommendations and the risk of fatal IHD.

Main Results:

  • The study found no evidence that the association between dietary recommendations for fruit or vegetable intake and IHD mortality varies by ethnicity.
  • Pooled analysis indicated that adherence to vegetable intake recommendations significantly lowered the risk of fatal IHD in both men (RR = 0.84) and women (RR = 0.80).
  • No significant protective effects were observed for fruit intake regarding fatal IHD.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake do not require ethnic individualization for IHD prevention.
  • The observed protective effect of vegetable intake on fatal IHD risk in both sexes supports public health initiatives promoting increased vegetable consumption.
Abstract

Keywords:
Dietary recommendationsEthnicityFatal ischemic heart diseaseMultiethnic Cohort Study

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