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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Published on: May 23, 2025

Rituximab for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Neda Minakaran¹, Daniel G Ezra

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. neda.minakaran@gmail.com

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|June 4, 2013

Summary

Current research indicates insufficient evidence to support rituximab for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). More large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to evaluate rituximab

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Published on: May 23, 2025

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Immunology
Endocrinology

Background:

Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common complication of Graves' disease, significantly impacting patient quality of life.
Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20-expressing B-lymphocytes, has shown preliminary promise in managing TAO by reducing inflammation and proptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of rituximab as a treatment for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, etc.) up to April 2013.
Inclusion criteria focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of intravenous rituximab for TAO compared to placebo or glucocorticoids.
Independent review of study titles, abstracts, and full reports by two authors to ensure rigorous data selection.

Main Results:

No randomized controlled trials meeting the inclusion criteria were identified at the time of the review.
Three ongoing studies were noted, which may provide relevant data for future reviews.

Conclusions:

Insufficient evidence currently exists to recommend rituximab for treating patients with TAO.
Large-scale RCTs comparing rituximab against placebo or corticosteroids in active TAO are necessary to determine its efficacy and safety.