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Evolutionary and developmental modules.

Francesco Lacquaniti1, Yuri P Ivanenko, Andrea d'Avella

  • 1Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome, Italy ; Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome, Italy ; Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
|June 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biological modules are identified through developmental and evolutionary lenses, revealing preserved and recombined developmental units. Comparative studies show shared building blocks in locomotion control across species, suggesting ancestral neural networks.

Keywords:
CPGactivation patterngene expressioninterneuronslocomotion

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Systems biology

Background:

  • Traditional methods for identifying biological modules rely on top-down or bottom-up decomposition of mature systems.
  • These methods are less effective for understanding the origins and evolution of modularity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and integrate findings on biological modularity from developmental and evolutionary perspectives.
  • To explore how modular units are preserved and recombined throughout evolution.
  • To investigate the identification of functional developmental modules, particularly in motor control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on biological modularity.
  • Analysis of morphological and functional developmental modules.
  • Comparative studies of locomotor control across animal species.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests developmental modules are highly conserved and recombined during evolution.
  • Morphological modules are readily identifiable.
  • Functional developmental modules, especially for locomotion, show conserved building blocks across species, linked to ancestral neural networks.
  • Postnatal acquisition of motor behaviors in vertebrates is associated with the addition of new premotor modules.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental and evolutionary perspectives offer valuable insights into biological modularity beyond traditional approaches.
  • Conserved developmental modules, particularly in motor control, highlight evolutionary relationships and the role of ancestral neural networks.
  • Understanding the developmental addition of premotor modules is key to explaining motor behavior refinement.