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Managing Impressions

Managing Impressions

Impression management encompasses individuals' deliberate efforts to shape how others perceive them during social interactions. This behavior is often employed to conform to social norms, secure approval, or pursue specific goals. While it involves selective self-presentation, it is not necessarily deceptive; individuals frequently present authentic aspects of themselves that align with situational demands.Common strategies include:Ingratiation: where individuals use flattery or agreeableness...

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Appearance is a multidimensional aspect of self-presentation that encompasses observable attributes such as clothing, grooming, speech, and nonverbal behavior. These elements are often strategically managed to align with socially constructed expectations in different settings. For instance, individuals tailor their appearance during job interviews, social gatherings, or athletic events to meet the perceived norms of those environments.Contextual Adaptation and Social SignalsThe research...

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First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...

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The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test

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Reducing job insecurity and increasing performance ratings: does impression management matter?

Guo-hua Huang¹, Helen Hailin Zhao, Xiong-ying Niu

¹Department of Management, School of Business, Hong Kong Baptist University.

The Journal of Applied Psychology

|June 5, 2013

Summary

Employees experiencing job insecurity proactively use impression management tactics to improve performance and reduce negative feelings. Effectiveness hinges on supervisor liking and perceived motives, highlighting a proactive coping strategy.

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Area of Science:

Organizational Behavior
Occupational Psychology

Background:

Job insecurity negatively impacts employees and organizations.
Limited research exists on active coping mechanisms for job insecurity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the proactive use of impression management tactics in response to job insecurity.
To examine the moderating roles of supervisory liking and attributions in the effectiveness of these tactics.

Main Methods:

A 3-wave survey study was conducted with 271 Chinese employees and their supervisors.
Data collected on job insecurity, impression management tactics, supervisory liking, attributions, affective responses, and performance.

Main Results:

Employees experiencing job insecurity employed impression management tactics.
These tactics reduced negative affect and enhanced supervisor-rated performance.
Supervisory liking and attributions influenced the effectiveness of impression management.

Conclusions:

Impression management serves as a proactive coping strategy for job insecurity.
Supervisor perceptions (liking and attributions) are critical mediators and moderators in this process.
Understanding these dynamics can inform interventions to mitigate job insecurity's impact.