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Related Concept Videos

Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
Fermentation01:29

Fermentation

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Fates of Pyruvate01:20

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High-Throughput Metabolic Profiling for Model Refinements of Microalgae
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High-Throughput Metabolic Profiling for Model Refinements of Microalgae

Published on: December 4, 2021

Fermentation metabolism and its evolution in algae.

Claudia Catalanotti1, Wenqiang Yang, Matthew C Posewitz

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science Stanford, CA, USA.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|June 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Unicellular algae, like Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, utilize fermentation for energy in low-oxygen environments. This metabolic flexibility, including hydrogen production, offers insights into evolutionary origins and renewable energy potential.

Keywords:
anaerobiosisanoxicfermentationhypoxicpyruvate metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • * Metabolic flexibility in unicellular organisms.
  • * Evolutionary origins of fermentation pathways.
  • * Anaerobic energy metabolism in photosynthetic eukaryotes.

Background:

  • * Fermentation and anoxic metabolism enable colonization of anoxic environments.
  • * Free-living unicellular algae exhibit diverse fermentation pathways.
  • * Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model organism for studying anaerobic energy metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review fermentation metabolism in Chlamydomonas and other protists.
  • * To explore the evolutionary origins of algal fermentation pathways.
  • * To highlight the metabolic flexibility and hydrogen production in Chlamydomonas.

Main Methods:

  • * Genomic, transcriptomic, and biochemical studies.
  • * Analysis of metabolic mutants in Chlamydomonas.
  • * Review of existing literature on algal and protist fermentation.

Main Results:

  • * Algae possess a core set of fermentation pathways, suggesting a common eukaryotic ancestor.
  • * Chlamydomonas demonstrates metabolic flexibility, sustaining energy and redox balance.
  • * Chlamydomonas can produce hydrogen (H2) during polysaccharide fermentation, a potential renewable energy source.

Conclusions:

  • * Fermentation metabolism in Chlamydomonas is highly controlled and adaptable.
  • * Understanding algal fermentation provides insights into eukaryotic evolution.
  • * Further research is needed on O2 sensing and control mechanisms in photosynthetic eukaryotes.