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Coronary artery calcification and outcomes in diabetic patients with and without chronic kidney disease

D Russo1, L F P Morrone, M Imbriaco

  • 1Department of Nephrology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy. domenicorusso51@hotmail.com

Blood Purification
|June 6, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Diabetics with chronic kidney disease (CKD) show higher coronary artery calcification (CAC) prevalence and progression, leading to increased cardiovascular events (CVE). Aggressive screening and care are recommended for these high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Coronary artery calcification (CAC) signifies severe atherosclerosis and predicts cardiovascular events (CVE) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
  • Atherosclerosis-driven CVE are a primary concern in CKD patients, particularly those with diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence, extent, and progression of CAC and CVE in CKD patients with diabetes.
  • To identify risk factors associated with CAC and CVE in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 341 out- and in-patients with CKD stages 2-5.
  • Coronary artery calcification (CAC) assessed via total calcium (TC) score using CT scans at baseline and study end.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic CKD patients (n=60) exhibited higher CAC prevalence and TC scores compared to non-diabetic CKD patients (n=281).
  • Higher CAC prevalence and TC scores were associated with age, diabetes mellitus, and pulse pressure.
  • Diabetic CKD patients demonstrated a greater percentage of CAC progression and higher incidence of CVE.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic patients with CKD have a significantly higher prevalence, extent, and progression of CAC, alongside increased CVE.
  • Findings suggest the need for intensified screening and management protocols for type 2 diabetics with concurrent CKD to mitigate cardiovascular risk.
Abstract

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