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Related Concept Videos

Jaundice01:25

Jaundice

Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...
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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
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[Jaundice and pathological liver values].

Hans-Rudolf Schwarzenbach1

  • 1Medicina Interna Generale FMH, Melide. Hans-Rudolf.Schwarzenbach@hin.ch

Praxis
|June 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details jaundice causes and diagnosis, differentiating direct and indirect bilirubin. It highlights ultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Jaundice is characterized by elevated bilirubin levels, necessitating differentiation between direct and indirect forms.
  • Understanding the causes and differential diagnosis of jaundice is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the causes and differential diagnosis of jaundice.
  • To emphasize the role of ultrasound in distinguishing intrahepatic from extrahepatic causes.
  • To discuss the differential diagnosis of elevated liver enzymes in jaundiced patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on jaundice diagnosis.
  • Emphasis on ultrasound diagnostics for localization of jaundice.
  • Analysis of differential diagnostic approaches for elevated liver enzymes.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound is a key tool for differentiating intrahepatic and extrahepatic jaundice.
  • Distinguishing between hepatocellular and cholestatic parameters is essential for liver enzyme evaluation.
  • Further diagnostic steps and limitations of liver fibrosis tests are considered.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to jaundice diagnosis involves bilirubin differentiation, imaging, and liver enzyme analysis.
  • Ultrasound plays a pivotal role in the initial workup of jaundice.
  • Comprehensive evaluation aids in distinguishing causes and guiding further management.