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Related Experiment Videos

Gonadotropin decrease induced by prolonged exercise at about 55% of the VO2max in different phases of the menstrual

I Mastrogiacomo1, D Toderini, G Bonanni

  • 1Institute of Semeiotica Medica, University of Padova, Italy.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|June 1, 1990
PubMed
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Moderate, prolonged exercise significantly decreases gonadotropin levels (luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone) in women across all menstrual phases. This hormonal shift is independent of prolactin, cortisol, estradiol, and progesterone changes.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis regulates the female reproductive cycle.
  • Physical exercise is known to influence hormonal balance, but its specific effects on the HPO axis across different menstrual phases require detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a standardized moderate-intensity, prolonged physical exercise protocol on key hormones of the HPO axis in women at different stages of their menstrual cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Ten women in the early follicular phase (EFP), twelve in the late follicular phase (LEP), and nine in the luteal phase (LP) underwent 90 minutes of treadmill exercise at 55-60% VO2max.
  • Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, during, and post-exercise to measure estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, and cortisol.

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Main Results:

  • Estradiol levels significantly increased in the LEP and LP, but not EFP. Progesterone levels increased significantly only in the LP.
  • Prolactin and cortisol levels remained unchanged across all phases.
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH) significantly decreased in all phases (EFP, LEP, LP). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) significantly decreased only in the LEP.

Conclusions:

  • A prolonged, moderate exercise protocol effectively reduces gonadotropin (LH and FSH) levels in women, irrespective of the menstrual phase.
  • The observed decrease in gonadotropins during exercise is not mediated by concurrent changes in estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, or cortisol.