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Related Concept Videos

Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Nephrolithiasis and loss of kidney function.

Mira T Keddis1, Andrew D Rule

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|June 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) significantly increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Identifying specific risk factors in stone formers is crucial for preventing kidney damage.

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Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney
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Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis
07:11

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

Published on: July 19, 2018

Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney
08:53

Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney

Published on: August 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Epidemiology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) prevalence is increasing.
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors are under extensive investigation.
  • Understanding the link between kidney stones and CKD is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the association between nephrolithiasis and CKD/end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic studies published in the last decade.
  • Analysis of the relationship between a history of nephrolithiasis and CKD development.

Main Results:

  • Patients with nephrolithiasis have a doubled risk of reduced kidney function or need for renal replacement therapy.
  • This increased risk is independent of common CKD risk factors like hypertension and diabetes.
  • Recurrent UTIs, specific stone compositions (struvite, uric acid), symptomatic stones, solitary kidney, ileal conduit, neurogenic bladder, and hydronephrosis are identified risk factors for CKD in stone formers.

Conclusions:

  • A consistent link exists between a history of nephrolithiasis and elevated risk of CKD and ESRD.
  • Identifying specific risk factors can guide optimal management of nephrolithiasis patients to prevent CKD progression.