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Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock

Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
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Introduction Cardiac Emergencies

Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use

Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
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Updated: May 10, 2026

A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn
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A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn

Published on: April 7, 2023

Cardiogenic shock in a neonate.

Eulália Viveiros1, Ana Cristina Aveiro, Edite Costa

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Central do Funchal, Funchal, Portugal.

BMJ Case Reports
|June 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cardiogenic shock, a rare cause of collapse in neonates, can be triggered by supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing organ damage in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal medicine
  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Critical care

Background:

  • Cardiovascular collapse in neonates is often presumed to be septic shock.
  • Early intervention with antibiotics, fluids, and inotropes is standard practice.

Observation:

  • A 21-day-old neonate presented with severe cardiovascular collapse and initial sinus rhythm.
  • Following initial stabilization, a second collapse occurred, associated with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT).

Findings:

  • The neonate's supraventricular tachycardia was successfully treated, preventing organ damage.
  • This case highlights cardiogenic shock as a rare but critical differential diagnosis in neonatal collapse.

Implications:

  • Consider cardiogenic shock in neonates presenting with cardiovascular collapse, even with an initial sinus rhythm.

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  • Intermittent supraventricular tachycardia can be challenging to diagnose but is manageable with monitoring and prompt intervention.