Pectoralis major tendon rupture. Surgical procedures review

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Sports Medicine
• Anatomy

Background:

• The Pectoralis Major (PM) muscle is a key shoulder stabilizer, involved in flexion, adduction, and internal rotation.
• Ruptures of the PM tendon are uncommon injuries, with historical documentation dating back to the early 19th century.
• Over 200 cases of PM tendon rupture have been reported in medical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

• To detail the clinical anatomy of the Pectoralis Major muscle.
• To elucidate the common mechanisms leading to Pectoralis Major tendon injuries.
• To review current surgical techniques for managing both acute and chronic Pectoralis Major tendon ruptures.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing medical literature on Pectoralis Major tendon ruptures.
• Analysis of anatomical structures and biomechanics related to the PM muscle.
• Compilation and synthesis of surgical procedures for PM tendon repair.

Main Results:

• Detailed description of Pectoralis Major muscle anatomy and its role in shoulder function.
• Identification of typical injury mechanisms, often associated with forceful eccentric contractions.
• Overview of surgical approaches for acute and chronic PM tendon tears.

Conclusions:

• Understanding PM anatomy and injury mechanisms is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
• Surgical intervention is often necessary for restoring function after Pectoralis Major tendon rupture.
• A review of surgical procedures provides valuable information for clinicians managing these injuries.