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Severe acid-base abnormalities associated with cocaine abuse.

T R Drake¹, T Henry, J Marx

¹Department of Emergency Medicine, Porter Memorial Hospital, Denver, CO 80210.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

|May 1, 1990

Summary

Cocaine abuse can cause severe acid-base disturbances, including metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. These profound changes highlight the critical impact of cocaine toxicity on physiological balance.

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Area of Science:

Toxicology
Clinical Chemistry

Background:

Cocaine abuse is a significant public health issue.
Associated medical complications are well-documented.
Severe acid-base disorders are an underemphasized complication.

Observation:

Three cases of cocaine toxicity with severe acid-base derangements were observed.
Two cases presented with profound metabolic acidosis.
One case exhibited severe alkalosis.

Findings:

Cocaine toxicity can lead to marked metabolic acidosis, even without seizures.
Profound alkalosis is also a potential consequence of cocaine use.
These acid-base disturbances are significant and require clinical attention.

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Implications:

Clinicians should consider cocaine toxicity in patients with unexplained severe acid-base disorders.
Early recognition and management of these derangements are crucial for patient outcomes.
Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms of cocaine-induced acid-base imbalance.