Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.

Cell Signaling in Plants

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.

C4 Pathway and CAM

C4 Pathway and CAM

Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Wild Emmer Wheat B3 Transcription Factor Regulates Seed Growth and Nutrient Allocation.

Plant, cell & environment·2026

Same author

In Vitro Model of Milking Pulses and Stretching Cycles: Assessing Mechanical Effects on Bovine Mammary Cells.

Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia·2026

Same author

In silico structural and disorder prediction of the tomato yellow leaf curl virus C2 protein and experimental assessment of subcellular localization and HR-like response.

Journal of computer-aided molecular design·2026

Same author

Stomatal density and aperture dynamics regulate drought response and yield in tomato.

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2026

Same author

Tissue-specific experimental evolution reveals adaptive trade-offs in the plant vascular pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis.

The ISME journal·2026

Same author

Habitat-Adapted Endophytic <i>Fusarium clavum</i> EeR24 from the Arava Desert Induces Resistance Against <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt of Muskmelons.

Microorganisms·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Hexokinase mediates stomatal closure.

Gilor Kelly¹, Menachem Moshelion, Rakefet David-Schwartz

¹Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology

|June 7, 2013

Summary

Hexokinase (HXK) in plant guard cells accelerates stomatal closure in response to sugars. This sugar-induced closure, mediated by abscisic acid, prevents water loss and highlights a photosynthetic feedback mechanism.

Keywords:

abscisic acid guard cells hexokinase stomata sucrose transpiration

More Related Videos

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

Direct Observation and Automated Measurement of Stomatal Responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Direct Observation and Automated Measurement of Stomatal Responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: February 9, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

Direct Observation and Automated Measurement of Stomatal Responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Direct Observation and Automated Measurement of Stomatal Responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: February 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Plant physiology
Molecular biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Stomata regulate gas exchange and water balance in plants.
Guard cell osmolarity controls stomatal aperture (opening/closing).
The role of sugars in stomatal regulation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the function of hexokinase (HXK) in guard cells.
To determine HXK's effect on stomatal aperture and sugar-sensing.
To elucidate the role of HXK in the sugar-mediated regulation of stomata.

Main Methods:

Examined HXK expression in guard cells.
Assessed the impact of HXK on stomatal closure.
Investigated sugar-induced stomatal responses.
Analyzed the role of abscisic acid in the process.

Main Results:

Increased HXK expression in guard cells accelerates stomatal closure.
Sugar directly induces stomatal closure via HXK.
Abscisic acid mediates this sugar-induced stomatal closure.
Identified a feedback-inhibition mechanism involving sucrose.

Conclusions:

HXK in guard cells plays a crucial role in sugar-mediated stomatal closure.
Photosynthetic products like sucrose can trigger stomatal closure through HXK.
This mechanism helps plants conserve water by preventing excessive transpiration.