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Related Concept Videos

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which results in tumor...
Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which results in tumor...
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.

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Related Experiment Videos

Exosomes go with the Wnt.

Kate Koles1, Vivian Budnik

  • 1Department of Neurobiology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, MA USA.

Cellular Logistics
|June 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication in the nervous system, acting as vesicles that transport signaling molecules like Wnt1/Wingless. This study demonstrates that Evenness Interrupted is released via exosomes at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.

Keywords:
DrosophilaEvi/Wntless/GPR177/mig-14RNA-binding proteinsRab11Syntaxin 1AWinglessWntexosomal proteomeexosome releaselocal translationneuromuscular junctionretromer

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Extracellular Vesicles

Background:

  • Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication, transporting cargo that influences recipient cell physiology.
  • Exosomal communication is crucial in the nervous system, impacting brain development and function.
  • Exosomes offer potential for targeted drug delivery, particularly for diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of exosomes in trans-synaptic communication at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ).
  • To formally demonstrate the release of specific signaling molecules, like Evenness Interrupted (Evi), via exosomes.
  • To identify factors involved in exosome release and explore novel exosome functions.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo analysis at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ).
  • Experiments using cultured insect cells.
  • Proteomic analysis of isolated exosomes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that Evenness Interrupted (Evi) is packaged and released within exosomes at the Drosophila NMJ.
  • Identified key molecular players involved in the exosome-mediated release process.
  • Proteomic analysis revealed novel potential functions of exosomes.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes play a significant role in mediating signaling between neurons at the NMJ.
  • The findings provide a foundation for understanding exosome-mediated intercellular communication in the nervous system.
  • This research opens avenues for exploring exosomes in targeted therapeutic strategies.