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[Nutritional status and pulmonary function in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis]
Wioleta Umławska1, Monika Krzyżanowska, Anna Zielińska
1Katedra Biologii Czlowieka Uniwersytetu Wroclawskiego. wilota@antropo.uni.wroc.pl
Insights
Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) often experience growth issues and malnutrition, impacting their lung function. Addressing nutritional status is crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric CF patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Nutritional Science
- Genetics
Background:
- Cystic fibrosis (CF) significantly impacts somatic development and respiratory function, crucial prognostic factors for lifespan.
- Evaluating nutritional status and pulmonary function is vital for managing pediatric CF patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess nutritional status and pulmonary function in children and adolescents with CF.
- To investigate the relationship between pulmonary function and disease course factors.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of anthropometric and spirometric data from 89 pediatric CF patients.
- CFTR gene mutation analysis and anthropometric parameter standardization against population references.
Main Results:
- Studied children exhibited shorter stature and significant growth disturbances compared to healthy peers.
- Nearly 50% of children were malnourished, showing deficits in muscle mass and adiposity.
- Pulmonary function (percent predicted FEV1) was directly correlated with nutritional status, being highest in well-nourished and lowest in severely malnourished patients.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional status significantly affects pulmonary function in pediatric CF patients.
- Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection adversely impacts lung function.
Introduction:
Somatic development and respiratory function are the most important prognostic factors for the course of the disease and the expected lifespan of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (cF). Aim of the study was to evaluate nutritional status and pulmonary function in children and adolescents suffering from cystic fibrosis. Pulmonary function was evaluated in relation to several factors connected to the course of the disease.
Material And Methods:
Anthropometric and spirometric data were extracted from the medical histories of 89 children diagnosed and treated at the institute of Mother and child in Warsaw. Molecular DnA was analyzed in all the patients in order to determine the type of CFTR gene mutation. Anthropometric parameters were expressed in terms of standard deviations away from age-specific and sex-specific reference for the population of Warsaw.
Results:
the studied children were significantly shorter than healthy children. Ten of the children (11.2%) had severe growth disturbances. nutritional status was also adversely affected. Almost 50% of the children were mal-nourished. the children suffered from a deficit in muscularity and adiposity. The percent of predicted FeV1 was highest in those children who were well-nourished, and lowest in the severely malnourished patients. the effect of the nutritional status on pulmonary function was observed.
Conclusions:
chronic infection by P. aeruginosa had a marked adverse effect on pulmonary function.
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