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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
14:56

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies

Published on: May 6, 2022

Epigenetic regulation in obesity.

Elaine M Drummond1, Eileen R Gibney

  • 1UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|June 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifications, influenced by maternal diet, can alter gene expression and impact obesity risk across generations. These changes affect appetite, inflammation, and metabolic health, highlighting the role of epigenetics in obesity susceptibility.

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Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
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08:34

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Published on: June 3, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Epigenetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Obesity has a significant genetic component, but gene function and effect size are often limited.
  • Gene-environment interactions, particularly epigenetic influences on gene expression, are crucial for obesity susceptibility.
  • Epigenetic markers offer potential insights into the regulation of obesity-associated genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of epigenetic markers in influencing the expression of obesity-related genes.
  • To review how epigenetic changes impact obesity risk from prenatal development through adulthood.
  • To understand the implications of maternal diet on offspring's epigenetic modifications and obesity risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on epigenetic modifications and obesity.
  • Analysis of research on gene-environment interactions in obesity.
  • Examination of specific epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, affecting obesity-related genes.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic changes during fetal development directly influence offspring phenotype and long-term obesity risk.
  • Hypomethylation of the MC4 gene increases its expression, impacting appetite and intake, thereby influencing obesity risk.
  • Epigenetic influences extend to other obesity aspects, including inflammation and adiposity.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal diet during gestation leads to epigenetic changes affecting offspring's obesity risk factors.
  • Genes associated with obesity risk are vulnerable to epigenetic alterations, impacting disease mechanisms like appetite and glucose/insulin tolerance.
  • Epigenetic modifications play a critical role in obesity susceptibility and progression across the lifespan and across generations.