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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Carbohydrate Absorption01:25

Carbohydrate Absorption

Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that serve as the body's primary energy source. Their digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase partially breaks down complex carbohydrates such as starch into smaller oligosaccharides. This mechanical and enzymatic activity prepares carbohydrates for further processing in the gastrointestinal tract.
After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...
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Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism01:19

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport
08:42

Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport

Published on: November 27, 2016

Fructose malabsorption syndrome.

Leena Putkonen1, Chu K Yao, Peter R Gibson

  • 1School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|June 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fructose malabsorption causes digestive issues. New research explores its physiology, testing, and treatments, including enzyme therapy and low-FODMAP diets, while noting potential impacts on gut bacteria.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Human Physiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Fructose malabsorption is a common cause of gastrointestinal distress.
  • Understanding its mechanisms is crucial for managing functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the physiology, assessment, and therapeutic strategies for fructose malabsorption.
  • To highlight new findings relevant to functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on fructose absorption and its clinical implications.
  • Analysis of new findings on transport mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and dietary and enzymatic therapies.

Main Results:

  • GLUT transporters play a role in fructose absorption; glucose facilitates, while erythritol hinders it.
  • Fructose breath testing faces scrutiny regarding its dose and reproducibility.
  • Fructose restriction, particularly within a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet, shows symptom control but may reduce beneficial gut bacteria.
  • Enzyme therapy offers a novel approach to improve fructose absorption and alleviate symptoms like abdominal pain and nausea.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging insights into fructose absorption factors offer potential therapeutic benefits.
  • The clinical utility of fructose breath testing is increasingly questioned.
  • While fructose and low-FODMAP diets are effective for symptoms, their impact on the gut microbiota requires careful consideration.