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Updated: May 10, 2026

Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Instrumentation for Real-time Enzymatic Reaction Rate Measurements by NMR
Published on: February 23, 2016
15N-permethylated amino acids as efficient probes for MRI-DNP applications
Enrico Chiavazza1, Alessandra Viale, Magnus Karlsson
1Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10125 Torino, Italy.
Abstract:
The synthesis, NMR properties and preliminary polarization tests on protonated and perdeuterated forms of α-trimethylglutamine (NMe3Gln), α-trimethylglutamate (NMe3Glu) and ε-trimethyllysine (NMe3Lys) are reported. The (15)N-permethylated, perdeuterated amino acids display very long (15)N-T1 values, ranging between 190 and 330 s, are well polarized by the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) procedure, yielding good polarization levels (10%), and appear to be well tolerated by cells and mice. The obtained results make perdeuterated amino acids excellent candidates for innovative DNP (15)N-MRI applications such as perfusion or targeting studies.
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