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Effect of Leishmania major on human polymorphonuclear leucocyte function in vitro
A S al Tuwaijri1, I A al Mofleh, A A Mahmoud
1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
The effect of various antigens of Leishmania major promastigotes on the function of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs) was examined. Different concentrations of L. major antigens were incubated with isolated PMNLs for various periods and the respiratory burst was assessed by Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. All the Leishmania antigens employed inhibited the PMNL respiratory burst by 35-64%. PMNL viability was not affected either by the concentrations or type of the parasite antigen. Oxygen free radical scavengers enhanced the action of the antigens on the PMNL respiratory burst.
Insights
Leishmania major parasite antigens significantly inhibit human polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) respiratory burst function. This inhibition occurred without affecting PMNL viability, suggesting a specific immune modulation mechanism.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Parasitology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Leishmania major is a protozoan parasite causing leishmaniasis.
- Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs) are crucial immune cells involved in fighting infections.
- Understanding parasite-host interactions is key to developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Leishmania major antigens on human PMNL function.
- To assess the effect on the respiratory burst activity of PMNLs.
- To determine if parasite antigen concentration or type influences PMNL response.
Main Methods:
- Incubation of isolated human PMNLs with various concentrations of L. major antigens.
- Assessment of PMNL respiratory burst using Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence.
- Evaluation of PMNL viability post-incubation with parasite antigens.
Main Results:
- All tested Leishmania antigens inhibited PMNL respiratory burst by 35-64%.
- PMNL viability remained unaffected by antigen concentration or type.
- Oxygen free radical scavengers amplified the inhibitory effect of the antigens on PMNLs.
Conclusions:
- Leishmania major antigens possess potent inhibitory effects on human PMNL respiratory burst.
- The observed inhibition does not stem from direct toxicity to PMNLs.
- Parasite antigens may modulate innate immune responses, potentially aiding parasite survival.