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Related Concept Videos

Echo01:06

Echo

The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Communication01:03

Communication

Communication between two animals occurs when one animal transmits an information signal that causes a change in the animal that receives the information. Organisms communicate with one another in a host of different ways. Signals can be auditory, chemical, visual, tactile, or a combination of these. Communication is a critical behavioral adaptation that promotes survival, growth, and reproduction.
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Implantation of a New Micro Acoustic Tag in Juvenile Pacific Lamprey and American Eel
08:36

Implantation of a New Micro Acoustic Tag in Juvenile Pacific Lamprey and American Eel

Published on: March 16, 2019

Baird's beaked whale echolocation signals.

Simone Baumann-Pickering1, Tina M Yack, Jay Barlow

  • 1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0205, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. sbaumann@ucsd.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|June 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified unique echolocation signals from Baird's beaked whales, distinguishing between frequency modulated (FM) pulses and broadband clicks. This discovery aids in tracking whale populations using acoustic data.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Bioacoustics
  • Cetacean Research

Background:

  • Baird's beaked whales are elusive marine mammals, making their study challenging.
  • Understanding their acoustic behavior is crucial for population assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the echolocation signals of Baird's beaked whales.
  • To enable non-invasive methods for monitoring their distribution and abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Recording echolocation signals during shipboard surveys and using autonomous recorders.
  • Analyzing signal types, spectral structure, and inter-pulse intervals.
  • Validating signals using visual sightings and towed array data.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct signal types were identified: a beaked whale-like FM pulse and a dolphin-like broadband click.
  • Both signals exhibited a consistent multi-peak spectral structure around 9, 16, 25, and 40 kHz.
  • The median FM inter-pulse interval was 230 ms.

Conclusions:

  • The characterized echolocation signals provide a basis for identifying Baird's beaked whales acoustically.
  • This research facilitates future studies on their distribution and abundance using passive acoustic monitoring.