Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Superconductor

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...

Types Of Superconductors

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...

Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fusion

The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fission

Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large number of different...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Comparative Study of Functional Outcome Following Total Hip Replacement by Posterolateral and Anterolateral Approach.

Journal of orthopaedic case reports·2026

Same author

A global twitter sentiment analysis model for COVID-vaccination.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Selective Sparing of the Medial Medullary Lamina on MRI: Diagnostic Clue to a Rare Genetic Dystonia.

Indian journal of pediatrics·2026

Same author

Preclinical assessment of inhalational subacute safety of nebulized MP-171 (BromAc®).

BMC pulmonary medicine·2026

Same author

Linking particulate matter exposure and neurological disorders: Evidence from epidemiology, biomarkers and mechanistic studies.

Neurotoxicology·2026

Same author

Beyond Hepatitis: A Rare Case of Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Child.

Clinical case reports·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

Note: Neutron shutter for Kolkata superconducting cyclotron.

Gautam Pal¹, Tapas Bandopadhyay, Chinmay Nandi

¹Mechanical Engineering Group, Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, I∕AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, India. gautam@vecc.gov.in

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|June 8, 2013

Summary

A new compact neutron shutter design effectively reduces secondary radiation in particle accelerator experimental areas. This innovation ensures radiation levels remain within permissible limits, making areas accessible for research.

More Related Videos

$Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2$

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Published on: December 8, 2016

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Published on: April 13, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

$Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2$

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Published on: December 8, 2016

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Published on: April 13, 2022

Area of Science:

Nuclear Physics
Accelerator Technology
Radiation Protection

Background:

Experimental areas in particle accelerator facilities require isolation from active accelerator zones using radiation shielding.
Neutron shutters are critical components for mitigating secondary radiation, particularly neutrons, in experimental areas.
Existing shutters aim to reduce radiation to permissible levels, enabling access to experimental zones.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and fabricate a novel neutron shutter with improved compactness.
To evaluate the radiation attenuation capabilities of the new neutron shutter design.
To ensure the shutter effectively reduces secondary radiation to permissible limits.

Main Methods:

Design and fabrication of a new compact neutron shutter.
Utilizing the Monte Carlo radiation transport code FLUKA for simulation.
Evaluating the attenuation of secondary radiations, including neutrons.

Main Results:

The newly designed neutron shutter features a compact form factor, significantly reducing length, surface area, and volume.
FLUKA simulations demonstrated substantial attenuation of diffused secondary radiations.
The shutter's performance ensures radiation levels are well within permissible limits.

Conclusions:

The novel compact neutron shutter design meets the requirements for effective secondary radiation reduction.
This design offers practical advantages in terms of space and material usage.
The developed neutron shutter enhances safety and accessibility in particle accelerator experimental areas.