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Updated: May 10, 2026

Methods of Pairing and Pair Maintenance of New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus) Via Behavioral Ethogram, Monitoring, and Interventions

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When does intimate partner violence continue after separation?

Petra Ornstein¹, Johanna Rickne

¹Department of Statistics, Uppsala University and Centre for the Study of Cultural Evolution, Stockholm University, P.O. Box 513, Uppsala, SE-75120, Sweden. petra.ornstein@statistics.uu.se

Violence Against Women

|June 8, 2013

Summary

Men exhibiting controlling behaviors during relationships are more likely to stalk or assault ex-partners post-separation. This study highlights control as a significant predictor of post-separation victimization for women.

Keywords:

control behaviors domestic violence postseparation assault stalking

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Area of Science:

Criminology
Sociology
Psychology

Background:

Approximately 10% of women experience post-separation stalking or assault in their lifetime.
Controlling behaviors within relationships are a recognized risk factor for intimate partner violence.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between pre-separation partner control and post-separation stalking and assault.
To determine if controlling behaviors are stronger predictors of victimization than other common risk factors.

Main Methods:

Utilized a nationally representative survey of separated women in Sweden.
Analyzed the relationship between measures of partner control and reported stalking/assault victimization.

Main Results:

Controlling behaviors explained 18% of the variance in stalking victimization.
Controlling behaviors explained 8% of the variance in assault victimization.
The predictive power of control measures significantly exceeded other common risk markers.

Conclusions:

Pre-separation partner control is a significant predictor of post-separation stalking and assault.
Interventions focusing on controlling behaviors may help reduce post-separation violence and stalking.