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HIV and thyroid dysfunction.

Alan A Parsa1, Amrit Bhangoo

  • 1Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|June 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection impacts thyroid function, with subclinical disease more common than overt dysfunction. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) can further alter thyroid function.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • HIV/AIDS impacts multiple endocrine axes, including the thyroid.
  • Altered metabolism, weight loss, and poor intake in HIV contribute to thyroid dysfunction.
  • Subclinical thyroid disease is more prevalent in HIV patients than overt disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common thyroid dysfunctions in HIV patients.
  • To analyze thyroid function changes before and after Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART).
  • To discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and management of HIV-associated thyroid disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of thyroid dysfunction in HIV/AIDS.
  • Analysis of studies examining thyroid function pre- and post-HAART.
  • Synthesis of data on clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Overt thyroid dysfunction rates are similar to the general population.
  • Subclinical thyroid disease, including nonthyroidal illness syndrome, is more frequent.
  • HAART introduces complexities like drug interactions and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is associated with various thyroid dysfunctions, particularly subclinical forms.
  • HAART can significantly influence thyroid function, requiring careful monitoring.
  • Comprehensive understanding and management are crucial for HIV patients with thyroid conditions.