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Kazuhiro Tada1, Hirotake Oda, Michitomo Inatomi

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Air polishing effectively cleans teeth but can increase surface roughness and bacterial adhesion. Glycine air polishing showed similar Streptococcus mutans adhesion to conventional methods, unlike sodium bicarbonate air polishing.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Air polishing is an efficient dental cleaning technique.
  • Concerns exist regarding increased dentin surface roughness and bacterial adhesion post-air polishing.
  • Understanding the impact of different air polishing agents on bacterial adhesion is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare Streptococcus mutans adhesion on dentin after air polishing with different agents versus conventional polishing.
  • To evaluate the effect of air polishing on dentin surface roughness.

Main Methods:

  • Dentin blocks were polished using a rubber cup (conventional) or air polished with glycine (25 μm, 65 μm) or sodium bicarbonate (65 μm).
  • Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a laser electron microscope.
  • Streptococcus mutans adhesion was quantified using a resazurin reduction assay.

Main Results:

  • Air polishing with glycine (G25, G65) resulted in significantly lower surface roughness compared to sodium bicarbonate (NHC65) but higher than conventional polishing.
  • No significant difference in Streptococcus mutans adhesion was observed between conventional polishing and glycine air polishing (G25, G65).
  • Sodium bicarbonate air polishing (NHC65) led to significantly higher Streptococcus mutans adhesion compared to all other methods.

Conclusions:

  • Air polishing with glycine microparticles affects Streptococcus mutans adhesion on dentin similarly to conventional methods.
  • Sodium bicarbonate air polishing significantly increases bacterial adhesion compared to glycine air polishing and conventional methods.
  • Glycine-based air polishing may be a preferable option to minimize bacterial adhesion on dentin surfaces.