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Improved T2* imaging without increase in scan time: SWI processing of 2D gradient echo.

S Soman1, S J Holdsworth, P D Barnes

  • 1Department of Radiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.

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|June 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) processed from 2D gradient-echo images enhances T2* lesion detection in pediatric brains. This method improves visualization of veins and calcifications without increasing scan time.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Medical Imaging Analysis

Background:

  • 2D gradient-echo imaging detects T2* lesions but is less sensitive than susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI).
  • Standard SWI requires longer scan times (5-10 minutes) compared to 2D gradient-echo (2 minutes), posing challenges for pediatric patients.
  • T2* lesions include hemorrhages, mineralizations, and vascular abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if 2D SWI/phase unwrapped images processed from standard 2D gradient-echo imaging can improve T2* lesion detection in pediatric patients.
  • To compare the sensitivity of 2D SWI/phase unwrapped images versus standard 2D gradient-echo imaging for detecting T2* lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective processing of 3T 2D gradient-echo brain images from 50 pediatric patients (mean age, 8 years).
  • Generation of 2D SWI/phase unwrapped images from existing 2D gradient-echo data.
  • Blinded comparison and scoring of 2D gradient-echo and 2D SWI/phase unwrapped images for imaging parameters and lesion detection.

Main Results:

  • 2D SWI/phase unwrapped imaging demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity in detecting T2* lesions compared to standard 2D gradient-echo imaging (P < .0001).
  • Improved delineation of normal venous structures and nonpathologic calcifications was observed with 2D SWI/phase unwrapped imaging.
  • 2D SWI/phase unwrapped imaging aided in distinguishing calcifications from hemorrhage, though motion and artifact challenges were noted.

Conclusions:

  • 2D SWI processed from 2D gradient-echo images offers enhanced sensitivity for T2* lesion detection and improved visualization of venous structures and mineralization.
  • This technique provides these benefits without any additional scan time, making it a valuable alternative to standard 2D gradient-echo imaging.
  • SWI processing of 2D gradient-echo images is a practical adjunct, especially when longer 3D SWI acquisition times are not feasible.