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Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two...
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Electronic Structure of Atoms02:28

Electronic Structure of Atoms


An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum numbers:  n, l, ml, and...

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Nanoscale atoms in solid-state chemistry.

Xavier Roy1, Chul-Ho Lee, Andrew C Crowther

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atomically precise molecular clusters self-assemble into novel solid-state materials with unique electronic and magnetic properties. These advanced materials exhibit activated electronic transport and magnetic ordering, paving the way for new electronic applications.

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All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
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All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Atomically precise molecular clusters offer building blocks for novel materials.
  • Fullerenes are versatile components in supramolecular chemistry.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships in cluster assemblies is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel solid-state materials from binary assemblies of molecular clusters and fullerenes.
  • To investigate the electronic transport properties of these new materials.
  • To explore the magnetic properties of cluster-based solid-state compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Binary assembly of molecular clusters (e.g., [Co6Se8(PEt3)6], [Cr6Te8(PEt3)6], Ni9Te6(PEt3)8) with fullerenes (C60).
  • X-ray diffraction to determine crystal structures, including superatomic relatives of the cadmium iodide (CdI2) and rock-salt structures.
  • Measurement of electronic transport properties to determine activation energies.
  • Magnetic susceptibility measurements to identify magnetic ordering.

Main Results:

  • Formation of [Co6Se8(PEt3)6][C60]2 and [Cr6Te8(PEt3)6][C60]2 with a superatomic CdI2-type structure.
  • Observation of activated electronic transport in these materials with activation energies of 100-150 meV.
  • Synthesis of a rock-salt-related structure using a more reducing Ni9Te6(PEt3)8 cluster, indicating significant charge transfer to C60.
  • Discovery of a magnetically ordered phase at low temperatures in the Ni9Te6(PEt3)8-based material due to electronic interactions between clusters.

Conclusions:

  • Atomically precise molecular clusters can be binary assembled with fullerenes to create new solid-state materials.
  • These materials exhibit tunable electronic transport and magnetic properties.
  • The ability to form ordered structures and exhibit phenomena like magnetic ordering highlights the potential of cluster-based materials in advanced applications.