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Related Concept Videos

Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
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Lichen planus pigmentosus.

Virendra N Sehgal1, Prashant Verma, Sambit N Bhattacharya

  • 1DermatoVenereology (Skin/VD) Center, Sehgal Nursing Home, Panchwati-Delhi, India. drsehgal@ndf.vsnl.net.in

Skinmed
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lichen planus pigmentosus, a variant of lichen planus, presents taxonomic challenges and lacks widespread recognition due to limited current research. This review explores its history, causes, clinical features, and pathology to clarify its diverse nature.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) is a recognized variant of lichen planus.
  • Its classification and global prevalence remain unclear due to sparse contemporary literature.
  • Diverse clinical presentations contribute to diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Lichen planus pigmentosus.
  • To elucidate its historical context, etiology, and pathogenesis.
  • To detail its clinical and histopathological characteristics, including atypical variants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on historical and contemporary evidence.
  • Analysis of clinical and histopathological findings from existing studies.
  • Synthesis of information on etiopathogenesis and disease variants.

Main Results:

  • Lichen planus pigmentosus exhibits significant heterogeneity in its presentation.
  • Etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors.
  • Histopathological findings vary, necessitating careful diagnostic evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Clarifying the taxonomy and diagnostic criteria for LPP is essential.
  • Further research is needed to understand its epidemiology and pathogenesis.
  • Recognizing LPP's diversity aids in accurate diagnosis and management.