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Related Concept Videos

Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...

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Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Mutant Whole Mouse Embryos: From the Epiblast to the End of Gastrulation
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Cripto is required for mesoderm and endoderm cell allocation during mouse gastrulation.

Jiu-Zhen Jin1, Jixiang Ding

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cellular & Craniofacial Biology, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.

Developmental Biology
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Mouse Cripto is essential for gastrulation, regulating mesoderm and endoderm formation and cell allocation. Its inactivation causes developmental defects, impacting embryonic development and gut closure.

Keywords:
CriptoEndodermFgf and p38MesodermMouse gastrulation

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Embryology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mouse gastrulation involves epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and cell migration.
  • Mesoderm and endoderm specification, migration, and allocation mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Mouse Cripto, an EGF-CFC family member, is highly expressed during gastrulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the function of mouse Cripto during gastrulation.
  • Determine Cripto's role in mesoderm and endoderm development.
  • Elucidate Cripto's impact on embryonic development and signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Conditional inactivation of the Cripto gene in mice during gastrulation.
  • Analysis of embryonic development at days 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5.
  • Examination of mesoderm and endoderm formation, cell migration, and signaling pathway activation (Fgf8-Fgfr1, p38 MAP kinase).

Main Results:

  • Conditional Cripto inactivation led to defects in mesoderm and endoderm development.
  • Mutant embryos showed mesenchymal cell accumulation and shortened primitive streaks.
  • Abnormal definitive endoderm formation and allocation, along with gut ventral closure defects (cardia bifida), were observed.
  • Loss of Cripto function partially affected Fgf8-Fgfr1 and p38 MAP kinase pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Cripto plays a critical role in mouse gastrulation.
  • Cripto is essential for proper mesoderm and endoderm formation and allocation.
  • Cripto influences key developmental signaling pathways during embryogenesis.