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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive functions.
What is a Sensory System?01:31

What is a Sensory System?

Sensory systems detect stimuli—such as light and sound waves—and transduce them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system. In addition to external stimuli detected by the senses, some sensory systems detect internal stimuli—such as the proprioceptors in muscles and tendons that send feedback about limb position.
Sensory Modalities01:15

Sensory Modalities

Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
Introduction to Sensory Receptors01:31

Introduction to Sensory Receptors

Sensory receptors are vital in our ability to perceive and interpret the world. Sensory receptors are specialized cells in the peripheral nervous system that respond to various stimuli and enable one to experience different sensations. Based on specific criteria, sensory receptors are classified into distinct types.
The first classification criterion is based on cell type, position, and function. Some receptor cells are neurons with free nerve endings, where their dendrites are embedded in the...
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms
08:28

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms

Published on: March 3, 2023

Stimulus discrimination by the polymodal sensory neuron.

James D Stockand1, Benjamin A Eaton

  • 1Department of Physiology; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio, TX USA.

Communicative & Integrative Biology
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymodal sensory neurons use diverse channel proteins to sense the environment. This study proposes a hierarchical model for how these channels are functionally arranged to perceive stimuli.

Keywords:
ASIC channelDegenerinTrp channelmechanosensationsensory transduction

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Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
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Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms
08:28

Automated Multimodal Stimulation and Simultaneous Neuronal Recording from Multiple Small Organisms

Published on: March 3, 2023

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
13:51

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Biology
  • Molecular Physiology

Background:

  • Polymodal sensory neurons detect a wide range of physical stimuli, guiding behaviors from withdrawal to comfort.
  • These neurons possess a complex array of ion channel proteins crucial for diverse sensory responses.
  • Current understanding lacks clarity on the functional organization of these channel proteins during stimulus perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional arrangement of channel proteins within polymodal sensory neurons.
  • To determine if channel proteins operate in parallel, independently, or within functional sensory networks.
  • To propose a novel model for channel protein organization during sensory perception.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular and genetic analysis of channel proteins in sensory neurons.
  • Investigating the biophysical properties of channel proteins.
  • Analyzing the collective activity of channels during sensory stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Identified an elaborate and diverse collection of channel proteins in polymodal sensory neurons.
  • Recent data suggests biophysical traits and channel activation patterns correlate with stimulus type.
  • The precise functional arrangement of these channels remains an open question.

Conclusions:

  • Polymodal sensory neurons utilize a sophisticated set of channel proteins to interpret the external world.
  • The functional organization of these channels is critical for accurate sensory perception.
  • A hierarchical arrangement, integrating parallel and serial components, is proposed for channel proteins within these neurons.