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Related Concept Videos

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Detection and Analysis of DNA Damage in Mouse Skeletal Muscle In Situ Using the TUNEL Method
09:54

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Published on: December 16, 2014

(S)-Goniothalamin induces DNA damage, apoptosis, and decrease in BIRC5 messenger RNA levels in NCI-H460 cells.

S C Semprebon1, Â de Fátima, S R Lepri

  • 11Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

Human & Experimental Toxicology
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The synthetic enantiomer (S)-Goniothalamin (S-GNT) shows cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer cells. It induces DNA damage and apoptosis, potentially by reducing survivin (BIRC5) gene expression.

Keywords:
(S)-goniothalaminApoptosisBIRC5cytotoxicitygenotoxicitysurvivin

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Cell Cycle-specific Measurement of γH2AX and Apoptosis After Genotoxic Stress by Flow Cytometry
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Cell Cycle-specific Measurement of γH2AX and Apoptosis After Genotoxic Stress by Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 1, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • (R)-Goniothalamin (R-GNT), a natural product, exhibits selective cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in tumor cells.
  • The mechanism of action for its synthetic enantiomer, (S)-Goniothalamin (S-GNT), remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cytotoxic activity and mechanism of action of (S)-Goniothalamin (S-GNT) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460) cells.
  • To explore the potential of S-GNT in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of NCI-H460 cells to varying concentrations of S-GNT.
  • Assessment of cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction (in situ), and DNA damage (comet assay).
  • Quantification of baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5) gene mRNA levels.

Main Results:

  • S-GNT demonstrated concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in NCI-H460 cells.
  • Evidence suggests S-GNT induces DNA damage, leading to apoptosis and cell death.
  • A significant decrease in BIRC5 mRNA levels, encoding survivin protein, was observed.

Conclusions:

  • S-GNT exhibits potent anti-cancer activity against non-small cell lung cancer cells.
  • The compound's mechanism involves DNA damage induction and apoptosis, potentially mediated by the downregulation of survivin.
  • S-GNT represents a promising candidate for further investigation in lung cancer treatment.