Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
External and Internal Respiration01:24

External and Internal Respiration

External respiration occurs in the lungs, and it is the first step in the journey of oxygen inside the body. When we inhale, oxygen enters our lungs and diffuses across the thin alveolar membrane. The alveoli are tiny, air-filled sacs that provide a vast surface area for gas exchange. Oxygen in the alveoli has a higher partial pressure (105 mmHg) than in the adjacent pulmonary capillaries (40 mmHg), establishing a pressure gradient. As a result, oxygen molecules move from the alveoli into the...
Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan01:30

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Association between occupational working time and cardiovascular morbidity: a cross-sectional study of NHANES database.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Incidence of long-term sickness absence in Japan following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

The Occupational Depression Inventory.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Early support in occupational health care reduced work disability risk.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Correction to: Occupational health literacy and affecting factors on healthcare workers.

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

An Air-liquid Interface Bronchial Epithelial Model for Realistic, Repeated Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Particles for Toxicity Testing
09:29

An Air-liquid Interface Bronchial Epithelial Model for Realistic, Repeated Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Particles for Toxicity Testing

Published on: May 13, 2020

Lung function in fragrance industry employees.

G R Dix1

  • 1School of Health Sciences and Social Work, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK. garry.dix@cplaromas.com

Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England)
|June 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study found no significant lung function changes in UK fragrance production workers exposed to chemicals. Further research is recommended to explore potential occupational respiratory effects in this industry.

Keywords:
Cross-sectional studyfragrance manufacturelung function measurementoccupationalspirometry.

More Related Videos

Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Substances in Human Precision-cut Lung Slices
12:04

Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Substances in Human Precision-cut Lung Slices

Published on: May 9, 2018

Assessment of the Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Airborne Particles by Exposing Cultivated Human Lung Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface
10:10

Assessment of the Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Airborne Particles by Exposing Cultivated Human Lung Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface

Published on: February 23, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

An Air-liquid Interface Bronchial Epithelial Model for Realistic, Repeated Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Particles for Toxicity Testing
09:29

An Air-liquid Interface Bronchial Epithelial Model for Realistic, Repeated Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Particles for Toxicity Testing

Published on: May 13, 2020

Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Substances in Human Precision-cut Lung Slices
12:04

Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Substances in Human Precision-cut Lung Slices

Published on: May 9, 2018

Assessment of the Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Airborne Particles by Exposing Cultivated Human Lung Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface
10:10

Assessment of the Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Airborne Particles by Exposing Cultivated Human Lung Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface

Published on: February 23, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Occupational health
  • Industrial hygiene
  • Respiratory medicine

Background:

  • UK fragrance industry workers face significant chemical exposure.
  • Limited research exists on the respiratory health impacts of this occupational exposure.
  • This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding respiratory risks in fragrance production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if occupational respiratory exposure to chemicals in the UK fragrance industry correlates with significant lung function changes.
  • To assess lung function using spirometry in exposed versus non-exposed workers.
  • To provide data on the respiratory health of fragrance production employees.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-site cross-sectional study involving 5 UK companies.
  • Comparison of an exposed group (production staff) with a control group (office staff).
  • Spirometry (FEV1, FVC, PEF) measured pre- and post-shift, with adjustments for confounders like smoking and BMI.

Main Results:

  • 112 participants (60 exposed, 52 control) completed the study.
  • No statistically significant differences in post-shift lung function measurements were found between the exposed and control groups.
  • The study indicates no immediate adverse effects on spirometric performance from occupational exposure.

Conclusions:

  • The study did not observe significant impacts on spirometric performance in the studied population.
  • This research is a foundational step in a new area, highlighting the need for continued investigation.
  • Further studies are warranted to fully understand the long-term respiratory health implications in the fragrance industry.