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[Parenteral nutrition in critically ill newborns]
Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico
|May 1, 1975
Summary
Parenteral nutrition using amino acids and glucose safely supported critically ill newborns when oral feeding was not possible. While risks like sepsis exist, metabolic changes were minimal, suggesting its utility in infant care.
Area of Science:
- Neonatalogy
- Pediatric critical care
- Clinical nutrition
Background:
- Critically ill newborns often require nutritional support when oral feeding is impossible.
- Intractable diarrhea and surgical conditions present significant nutritional challenges in neonates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of parenteral alimentation in critically ill newborns.
- To assess metabolic alterations and complications associated with parenteral nutrition in this population.
Main Methods:
- Administered a 5% crystalline amino acids (AA) and glucose solution to nine critically ill newborns.
- Provided 120 kcal/kg/24 hours of parenteral nutrition for 3 to 15 days.
- Monitored metabolic status, acid-base balance, and serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium).
Main Results:
- Six out of nine infants recovered, gained weight, and were discharged.
- Three infants died due to septicemia, pneumonia, and pulmonary infarcts.
- Minimal metabolic alterations observed; acid-base status and electrolytes remained stable or normalized.
Conclusions:
- Parenteral alimentation is a useful intervention for critically ill newborns unable to feed orally, despite potential risks like septicemia.
- Metabolic complications are generally minimal, but long-term studies are needed.
- Current parenteral nutrition solutions may require optimization for neonatal physiology.