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Plasma carnitine concentrations after chronic alcohol intoxication.

Alina Kępka1, Napoleon Waszkiewicz, Beata Zalewska-Szajda

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine the Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland. secesja71@poczta.onet.pl

Postepy Higieny I Medycyny Doswiadczalnej (Online)
|June 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Chronic alcohol use depletes plasma carnitine levels. Abstinence for 49 days further reduced carnitine concentrations, indicating a persistent deficiency in alcohol-dependent individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Carnitine facilitates fatty acid transport into mitochondria for oxidation.
  • Chronic alcohol consumption is linked to reduced carnitine levels and impaired cellular oxidative processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess plasma carnitine concentrations in chronically alcohol-dependent individuals during a 49-day abstinence period.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 31 alcohol-dependent patients and 32 healthy controls.
  • Measured plasma free carnitine (FC), total carnitine (TC), and acylcarnitine (AC) at days 0, 30, and 49 of detoxification.
  • Utilized spectrophotometric methods and Student's t-test for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Alcoholics exhibited significantly lower plasma FC and TC at baseline compared to controls.
  • Plasma TC, FC, and AC levels decreased significantly throughout the 49-day abstinence period.
  • The acylcarnitine to free carnitine ratio (AC/FC) was initially higher in alcoholics but became significantly lower by day 49.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic alcohol intoxication leads to plasma carnitine deficiency.
  • A 49-day abstinence period resulted in a further significant decrease in carnitine levels.
  • Carnitine supplementation may be beneficial for alcoholics with low plasma carnitine levels.