Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces03:00

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces

Intermolecular forces (IMF) are electrostatic attractions arising from charge-charge interactions between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular force is influenced by the distance of separation between molecules. The forces significantly affect the interactions in solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. In gases, IMFs become important only under high-pressure conditions (due to the proximity of gas molecules). Intermolecular forces dictate the physical properties of...
Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
Halogenation of Alkenes02:46

Halogenation of Alkenes

Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

Overview of Valence Bond Theory

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Million-Fold Activation of C-H Bonds by Fluorinated Nonheme Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O Complexes <i>via</i> Second Sphere Equatorial Substitution and Catalytic Epoxidation to Boot.

ACS catalysis·2026
Same author

Mimicking sMMOH chemistry: trapping the Sc<sup>3+</sup>-bound nonheme Fe<sup>III</sup>-O-O-Fe<sup>III</sup> adduct prior to its conversion into an Fe<sup>IV</sup> <sub>2</sub>(μ-O)<sub>2</sub> core.

Chemical science·2025
Same author

Chemical Tuning of the Electronic Structure in Diruthenium Compounds.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Ligand driven heterolytic O-O bond cleavage in a non-haem phenolato-Fe(III)-OOH complex to yield a formal Fe(V)O intermediate.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2025
Same author

Introduction to Quantum bio-inorganic chemistry.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Computational Exploration of Xe Dimers Inside Fullerene Cages.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025
Same journal

Localization and delocalization of defect states in 2D polyaramid with carbon and nitrogen vacancies.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

The impact of macrocyclization: electronic structures and excited state dynamics of pillar[4]arene[1]quinone.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Tuning the transport properties of penta-graphene nanoribbons.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

High-throughput screening of M-based layered compounds as solid-state electrolytes for chloride-ion batteries.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Lower bound of the capacitance of constant phase elements based on electrochemical impedance spectra.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Stability constants of lanthanide-nitrate complexes in aqueous solutions: a theoretical study.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Intramolecular halogen-halogen bonds?

Mikael P Johansson1, Marcel Swart

  • 1Institut de Química Computational i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, ES-17071 Girona, Spain.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|June 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a novel non-covalent attraction between halogens in perhalogenated ethanes. This interaction, particularly with chlorine, rivals hydrogen bonds in strength, suggesting a strong van der Waals type bonding mechanism.

More Related Videos

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10(Si(SiMe3)3)4]2- Using a Metastable Sn(I) Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Physics
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Perhalogenated ethanes (X3C-CY3) are simple molecules used to study chemical bonding.
  • Non-covalent interactions are crucial in molecular structure and reactivity.
  • Existing knowledge on halogen bonding and van der Waals forces provides context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a previously overlooked non-covalent attraction between halogens in perhalogenated ethanes.
  • To characterize the nature and strength of this intramolecular halogen-halogen interaction.
  • To compare this interaction with established non-covalent bonds like hydrogen and halogen bonds.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of electron density properties in perhalogenated ethanes (X3C-CY3, where X, Y = F, Cl).
  • Advanced quantum chemical calculations, extrapolated to the full solution of the Schrödinger equation.
  • Topological analysis to identify bond characteristics and critical points.

Main Results:

  • A novel non-covalent attraction between halogens on opposite carbon atoms was identified.
  • The interaction strength, especially when chlorine is involved, is comparable to hydrogen bonds.
  • The bonding mechanism differs from conventional halogen bonds and hydrogen bonds, lacking bond critical points and σ-hole utilization.

Conclusions:

  • The identified intramolecular halogen···halogen interaction is a significant non-covalent force.
  • This interaction is best described as an unusually strong van der Waals type attraction.
  • The findings expand the understanding of non-covalent interactions in halogenated organic compounds.