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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
Testes: Gross Anatomy01:19

Testes: Gross Anatomy

The testes, also known as testicles, are the male gonads. They are housed within the scrotum, a sac-like structure located beneath the penis. The scrotum's primary role is to regulate the temperature of the testes, which is crucial for sperm production.
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Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of endometrial...
Testes: Histology01:27

Testes: Histology

A tough, fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea, covers the testes, extending inward to form fibrous partitions or septa, dividing them into internal compartments called lobules. Each lobule has 1 to 3 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. These tubules merge into a tubular network at the back of the testis, known as the rete testis. It connects to 15 to 20 efferent ductules, leading to the epididymis.
The spermatogenic cells, responsible for producing sperm, are...

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Combination of High Ligation and Intraoperative Embolization Using Polidocanol for Treatment of Varicoceles
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Published on: December 22, 2023

Varicocele and hypogonadism.

Ali Dabaja1, Matthew Wosnitzer, Marc Goldstein

  • 1Department of Urology and Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.

Current Urology Reports
|June 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Varicocele is linked to low testosterone. Microsurgical varicocelectomy surgery can improve testosterone levels in men with varicocele and preoperative low testosterone.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive endocrinology
  • Urology
  • Andrology

Background:

  • Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility.
  • Varicocele is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for hypogonadism (low testosterone).
  • The mechanisms by which varicocele impairs testicular function are multifactorial, including elevated scrotal temperature, hypoxia, and oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of microsurgical varicocelectomy on serum testosterone levels in men with varicocele and preoperative hypogonadism.
  • To review the current literature on varicocele treatment and its effect on testosterone.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent literature.
  • Analysis of studies reporting testosterone level changes after microsurgical varicocelectomy.
  • Comparison of outcomes between microsurgical and non-microsurgical approaches.

Main Results:

  • Recent evidence indicates that microsurgical varicocelectomy significantly improves testosterone levels in men with varicocele and preoperative low testosterone.
  • Non-microsurgical varicocelectomy has shown conflicting results regarding testosterone level improvement.
  • Microsurgical repair addresses the underlying pathophysiology more effectively, leading to better hormonal outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Microsurgical varicocelectomy is an effective treatment for improving testosterone levels in hypogonadal men with varicocele.
  • This surgical approach offers a potential solution for male infertility and hypogonadism associated with varicocele.
  • Further research should focus on long-term hormonal outcomes and standardized surgical techniques.