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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

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Hebbian LTP
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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
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Related Experiment Video

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Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

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Published on: March 4, 2014

Consolidated learning can be susceptible to gradually-developing interference in prolonged motor learning.

Yuko Yotsumoto1, Takeo Watanabe, Li-Hung Chang

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
|June 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Even well-learned motor memories can be disrupted by new learning. This study shows prolonged motor learning is susceptible to interference, challenging assumptions about memory consolidation.

Keywords:
consolidationfinger tappinginterferencemotor learningretrograde interference

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Learning

Background:

  • Sequential learning is often disrupted by subsequent learning, a phenomenon known as retrograde interference.
  • Resistance to interference is typically considered an indicator of learning consolidation.
  • Previous studies on retrograde interference primarily used short-term learning paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate interference effects in prolonged motor sequence learning.
  • To examine the susceptibility of well-learned motor memories to interference over an extended period.

Main Methods:

  • A finger-tapping motor sequence learning paradigm was employed.
  • Three groups of nine subjects underwent 16 days of training.
  • Participants practiced different sequences in varied orders and combinations.

Main Results:

  • A gradual interference effect was observed in well-trained motor sequences when subsequent learning was introduced in a specific order.
  • This indicates that even established motor memories are not immune to interference.

Conclusions:

  • Well-learned motor memories remain susceptible to interference, even after prolonged learning.
  • Resistance to interference in one context does not guarantee complete or permanent memory consolidation.