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Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Published on: June 4, 2017

IgG4: not only for allergists.

C Lombardi¹, D Belli, F Facchetti

¹Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, SantOrsola-Poliambulanza Hospital, Brescia, Italy.

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology

|June 13, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This case study highlights IgG4-related disease presenting solely as malabsorption from pancreatic failure. Lymph node biopsy proved essential for diagnosing this immune disorder that can mimic other conditions.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Gastroenterology
Pathology

Background:

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystemic fibroinflammatory condition.
It is characterized by IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration and fibrosis.
IgG4-RD can affect virtually any organ system.

Observation:

A unique case of IgG4-related disease is presented.
The primary clinical manifestation was malabsorption secondary to pancreatic insufficiency.
Diagnosis was confirmed through histological examination of an abdominal lymph node.

Findings:

Histopathology of abdominal lymph nodes was crucial for identifying IgG4-related disease.
The case demonstrates that IgG4-related disease can present with isolated pancreatic dysfunction.
This highlights the diverse and sometimes deceptive clinical presentations of IgG4-RD.

Implications:

IgG4-related disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained malabsorption and pancreatic failure.
Accurate diagnosis relies on integrating clinical, serological, radiological, and histopathological findings.
Increased awareness of IgG4-RD's varied presentations is vital for timely and appropriate patient management.