Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 10, 2026
06:14
Induction of Periodontitis via a Combination of Ligature and Lipopolysaccharide Injection in a Rat Model
Published on: February 17, 2023
Periodontal disease as a potential factor for systemic inflammatory response in the dog
M I Kouki1, S A Papadimitriou, G M Kazakos
1Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Journal of Veterinary Dentistry
|June 14, 2013
Summary
Periodontal disease in dogs can trigger a systemic inflammatory response, indicated by elevated C-reactive protein and white blood cell counts during active inflammation. Chronic disease did not affect anemia or albumin levels.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Immunology
- Periodontology
Background:
- Periodontal disease is a common inflammatory condition in dogs with potential systemic effects.
- Understanding the systemic impact of canine periodontal disease is crucial for overall health assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between periodontal disease and systemic inflammation in adult dogs.
- To determine if periodontal disease influences key blood parameters indicative of systemic response.
Main Methods:
- Assessed periodontal status using the Total Mouth Periodontal Score (TMPS), including gingival bleeding (TMPS-G) and periodontal destruction (TMPS-P) indices.
- Measured serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, hematocrit, albumin levels, and white blood cell (WBC) and polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) counts.
- Analyzed correlations between periodontal scores and measured blood parameters in client-owned dogs.
Main Results:
- A significant positive correlation was found between the gingival bleeding index (TMPS-G) and CRP concentration, WBC, and PMN counts.
- No correlation was observed between the periodontal destruction index (TMPS-P) and the evaluated blood parameters.
- Chronic periodontal disease was not associated with anemia or decreased serum albumin levels.
Conclusions:
- Active periodontal inflammation, characterized by gingival bleeding, is linked to systemic inflammatory markers in dogs.
- Periodontal disease in dogs does not appear to cause chronic anemia or hypoalbuminemia.
- Laboratory findings suggest that active periodontal disease can elicit a systemic inflammatory response in dogs.
Related Concept Videos
01:27The Oral Microbiota
The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
01:25Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
01:20Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
01:25Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects
Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
01:12Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
01:38Inflammation
Overview