Related Experiment Videos
Could dyslipidemic children benefit from glucomannan intake?
Ornella Guardamagna1, Francesca Abello, Paola Cagliero
1Department of Health Science and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. ornella.guardamagna@unito.it
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|June 14, 2013
Summary
Glucomannan effectively lowers high cholesterol in children with primary hypercholesterolemia. This dietary supplement is well-tolerated, showing significant reductions in total and LDL cholesterol, particularly in females.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Cardiology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Primary dyslipidemias are significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
- Early intervention in childhood is crucial for managing dyslipidemias.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy and tolerability of glucomannan as a dietary supplement.
- To evaluate its short-term effects on children with primary hypercholesterolemia.
Main Methods:
- A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial.
- 36 children (6-15 years) with primary hypercholesterolemia participated.
- Evaluated lipid profiles after 8-week glucomannan or placebo treatment periods.
Main Results:
- Glucomannan significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) by 5.1% and LDL cholesterol by 7.3% compared to placebo.
- Significant reductions in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed (7.2%).
- Females showed significant reductions in TC and LDL cholesterol; no major adverse effects were reported.
Conclusions:
- Glucomannan is a well-tolerated treatment for primary dyslipidemia in children.
- It effectively lowers TC, LDL cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, especially in females.
- Further research may explore Apolipoprotein B effects.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
01:24Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
01:23Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...
01:24Lipid Absorption
Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...