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Carvedilol recovers normal blood pressure variability in rats with myocardial infarction
Eduardo Miranda Dantas1, Enildo Broetto Pimentel, Rodrigo Varejão Andreão
1Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, Vitória - ES, 29042-751, Brazil.
Insights
Carvedilol treatment reversed reduced blood pressure variability (BPV) in rats with myocardial infarction (MI). This study highlights carvedilol's potential in restoring cardiovascular autonomic function after heart damage.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Pharmacology
- Autonomic Nervous System Research
Background:
- Myocardial infarction (MI) can significantly alter cardiovascular autonomic function.
- Blood pressure variability (BPV) is a key indicator of autonomic control and prognosis after MI.
- Investigating the effects of carvedilol on BPV in MI models is crucial for understanding its therapeutic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of chronic carvedilol administration on blood pressure variability (BPV) in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI).
- To assess changes in both time and frequency domain parameters of BPV following MI and carvedilol treatment.
Main Methods:
- Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in male rats via coronary artery ligation; sham-operated (SO) rats served as controls.
- Animals received daily oral administration of placebo or carvedilol (2 mg/kg) for 30 days.
- Blood pressure (BP) was continuously monitored in conscious rats, with BPV analyzed in time (variance) and frequency domains.
Main Results:
- MI significantly reduced blood pressure variance (BPV) compared to sham-operated controls.
- Carvedilol treatment significantly restored the reduced BPV in MI rats towards control levels.
- Frequency domain analysis revealed that MI decreased the low-frequency (LF) component and increased the high-frequency (HF) component of BPV, effects attenuated by carvedilol.
Conclusions:
- Chronic carvedilol treatment effectively restored the altered blood pressure variability (BPV) in rats following myocardial infarction (MI).
- Carvedilol demonstrates a potential role in normalizing autonomic dysfunction associated with MI.
Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic treatment with carvedilol in blood pressure (BPV) and heart rate (HRV) variability of rats with myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods:
MI was produced in male rats by ligature of anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery. Control rats were submitted to a sham surgery (SO). MI and SO rats were randomized to receive for 30 days placebo (Plac 0.5% metilcelulose) or carvedilol (Carv, 2mg/Kg body weight/day, drinking water): SO-Plac (N = 10), SO-Carv (N = 10), MI-Plac (N = 12), MI-Carv (N = 13). Blood pressure (BP) was directly recorded in the awake animals and BPV was determined, in time (variance, mmhg(2)) and frequency domains by the autoregressive method. Statistical significance was set in P<0.05. Data are median and interquartile range.
Results:
No significant changes in HRV was observed in MI rats, while BPV showed significant decreasing of blood pressure variance (SO-Plac = 42.08 (39.21) mmHg(2) vs. MI-Plac = 21.67 (12.58) mmHg(2), P<0.05), reversed by the Carv treatment (MI-Plac = 21.67 (12.58) vs. MI-Carv = 38.64 (29.25), P<0.05). In the frequency domain analyses, MI reduced absolute and normalized LF component (LF (mmHg(2)): SO-Plac = 8.98 (14.84) vs. MI-Plac = 2.08 (4.84), P<0.05; LF(nu): SO-Plac = 79.48 (45.03) nu vs. MI-Plac = 24.25 (40.67) nu, P<0.05) and increased the normalized HF component of the BPV (SO-Plac = 20.51 (39.18) vs. MI-Plac = 60.51 (39.73). Carv treatment significantly attenuated the LF component fall.
Conclusion:
Chronic treatment with carvedilol restored the variance of BPV altered by the MI.
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