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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

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Published on: February 20, 2014

Facilitating pictorial comprehension with color highlighting.

Brannan R McDougald1, Michael S Wogalter1

  • 1North Carolina State University, Psychology Department, Human Factors and Ergonomics Program, Raleigh, NC 27695-7650, USA.

Applied Ergonomics
|June 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Highlighting relevant areas in warning symbols significantly improves viewer comprehension. Conversely, highlighting irrelevant areas hinders understanding, suggesting strategic design is key for effective pictorial warnings.

Keywords:
ColorHighlightingWarnings

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Visual Communication
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Pictorials are crucial for conveying warning information.
  • Effective comprehension of pictorial warnings is not always guaranteed.
  • The role of visual cues in enhancing pictorial understanding requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether relevant highlighting improves pictorial comprehension.
  • To assess the impact of highlighting irrelevant areas on pictorial understanding.
  • To determine the optimal use of visual highlighting in warning symbol design.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using warning-related pictorials.
  • Pictorials were presented under three conditions: relevant highlighting, irrelevant highlighting, and no highlighting.
  • Participants described the purpose and meaning of each presented pictorial.

Main Results:

  • Comprehension of warning pictorials was significantly higher with relevant highlighting.
  • Highlighting less relevant areas decreased comprehension compared to no highlighting.
  • The effectiveness of highlighting was dependent on the relevance of the highlighted areas.

Conclusions:

  • Appropriately placed, relevant highlighting enhances the comprehension of warning pictorials.
  • Strategic use of highlighting can guide viewers to the intended conceptual meaning of complex symbols.
  • Designers should carefully consider the placement and relevance of highlighting in visual warning systems.