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Updated: May 10, 2026

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model
Published on: October 10, 2025
Imaging diagnosis: Multiple cartilaginous exostoses and calcinosis circumscripta occurring simultaneously in the
Stephanie Engel1, Elissa K Randall, Paul A Cuddon
1Department of Neurology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.
Abstract:
An 8-month-old female Saint Bernard dog was presented with gait abnormalities consistent with a left-lateralizing cervical myelopathy. Imaging revealed a large, irregular soft tissue and mineral mass at the level of C1 and C2. The lesion was successfully excised, and histopathology was performed, revealing evidence of both multiple cartilaginous exostoses and calcinosis circumscripta. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report comparing features using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and radiography. Additionally, multiple cartilaginous exostoses have not previously been reported to occur in combination with calcinosis circumscripta.
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