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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods
07:20

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods

Published on: October 6, 2023

Hybrid uranyl-carboxyphosphonate cage clusters.

Pius O Adelani1, Michael Ozga, Christine M Wallace

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.

Inorganic Chemistry
|June 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Two novel uranyl-carboxyphosphonate cage clusters were synthesized. These persistent clusters, built from uranyl peroxide units, exhibit fluorescence in aqueous solution.

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Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds
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Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds

Published on: October 15, 2019

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods
07:20

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods

Published on: October 6, 2023

Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds
09:44

Design, Synthesis, and Photochemical Properties of Clickable Caged Compounds

Published on: October 15, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Uranyl peroxide clusters are of interest for their unique structures and potential applications.
  • Developing new synthetic methodologies for complex uranyl-based materials is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel hybrid uranyl-carboxyphosphonate cage clusters.
  • To investigate the structural diversity and stability of these clusters in aqueous solution.

Main Methods:

  • Crystallization from aqueous solution under ambient conditions.
  • Structural characterization using X-ray crystallography.
  • Solution studies employing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).

Main Results:

  • Two distinct uranyl-carboxyphosphonate cage clusters (Cluster A and Cluster B) were successfully synthesized.
  • Cluster A features a ten-membered uranyl polyhedral belt, while Cluster B comprises 24 uranyl cations in fused rings.
  • Both clusters demonstrated persistence in aqueous solution upon crystal dissolution and exhibited room temperature fluorescence.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents two new hybrid uranyl-carboxyphosphonate cage clusters with distinct structural architectures.
  • The synthesized clusters are stable in aqueous solution, indicating potential for solution-based applications.
  • The observed fluorescence suggests possible applications in sensing or optical materials.