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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...

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Real-Time Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species in Neutrophils Infected with Meningitic Escherichia Coli
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[Eosinophilic meningitis].

E Oehler1

  • 1Service de médecine interne, centre hospitalier de Polynésie française, Taaone-Pirae, Tahiti, Polynésie française. erwan.oehler@cht.pf

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|June 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis meningitis diagnosis can be challenging. Early consideration in patients with headache, neurological symptoms, and hypereosinophilia, especially from endemic areas, is crucial for prompt treatment.

Keywords:
Angiostrongylus cantonensisHypereosinophiliaHyperéosinophilieMeningitisMéningite

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Published on: April 15, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Angiostrongylus cantonensis meningitis diagnosis is often difficult, even in areas where the infection is common.
  • Prompt diagnosis is essential for effective management and preventing severe neurological complications.

Observation:

  • A case of a 51-year-old Polynesian farmer presenting with fever, headache, neurological symptoms, and severe myalgia is described.
  • The patient exhibited marked hypereosinophilia, a key indicator for suspecting parasitic meningitis.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis was confirmed via lumbar puncture revealing characteristic findings and positive serology for Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
  • Treatment with lumbar puncture and corticosteroids led to rapid headache relief, while paresthesias resolved more gradually.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering Angiostrongylus cantonensis meningitis in the differential diagnosis for patients with unexplained neurological symptoms and hypereosinophilia.
  • Clinicians in or returning from endemic regions should maintain a high index of suspicion for this parasitic infection.