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Enter at your own risk: how enteroviruses navigate the dangerous world of pattern recognition receptor signaling

Katharine G Harris1, Carolyn B Coyne

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 427 Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. kgh9@pitt.edu

Cytokine
|June 15, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Enteroviruses cause common colds and severe diseases by evading the innate immune system. This review details how pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect enteroviruses and how viruses manipulate PRR signaling.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Enteroviruses are common human viral pathogens causing mild to severe illnesses.
  • Initial infection occurs in respiratory and digestive tract epithelial cells.
  • The innate immune system uses pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect viral invaders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of PRRs in enteroviral infection response.
  • To explore how enteroviruses manipulate PRR signaling for replication.
  • To understand the induction of human diseases by enteroviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on enteroviruses and PRRs.
  • Analysis of viral mechanisms interfering with PRR pathways.
  • Synthesis of data on PRR engagement and manipulation.

Main Results:

  • PRRs are crucial for initiating host defense against enteroviruses.
  • Enteroviruses employ diverse strategies to evade or subvert PRR signaling.
  • Disruption of PRR pathways by enteroviruses contributes to disease pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding PRR-enterovirus interactions is key to combating viral diseases.
  • Targeting PRR signaling pathways may offer therapeutic strategies.
  • Enteroviral manipulation of PRR signaling highlights viral adaptability and pathogenicity.
Keywords:
EnterovirusRIG-I-like receptorToll-like receptorType I IFN

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